Entity scope
Earwigs are insects in the order Dermaptera. Species vary, so this page describes broad household-recognition traits rather than one species.
Quick identity
- Taxonomic context
- Dermaptera
- Entity scope
- Multiple earwig species
- Key structure
- Paired forceps-like cerci at the abdomen tip
- Body form
- Elongated and flattened
- Common context
- Dark, moist shelters outdoors
- Indoor pattern
- Usually incidental entry rather than indoor reproduction
Key characteristics
- Paired cerci form obvious forceps at the rear of the abdomen.
- The body is elongated and somewhat flattened, with short leathery forewings in winged adults.
- Forceps shape varies by species, sex, and maturity.
- Earwigs do not seek human ears; the common name does not describe normal behavior.
Where it is found
- Under boards, bark, pots, mulch, stones, and plant debris where it is dark and moist.
- Indoors near ground-level entry points, basements, bathrooms, or other damp areas.
- Dry indoor rooms usually do not provide suitable long-term habitat.
Behavior and activity
- Mostly hides by day and becomes active at night.
- Many species are omnivorous scavengers or plant/insect feeders.
- Cerci are defensive and handling structures; they do not indicate a medically important stinger.
Diet and resources
- Decaying plant material, plants, fungi, and small arthropods, varying by species.
- Moist shelter is a strong driver of household occurrence.
Common lookalikes
Have three tail filaments rather than paired forceps.
House centipedesHave many conspicuously long legs and no rear forceps.
Some elongated beetles look similar but have hard wing covers and lack forceps-like cerci.
Why it matters
Appearance can look alarming, but risk is low
Earwigs can pinch defensively if handled, but they are not venomous and do not normally pose a health threat indoors.
- Avoid fear-based claims tied to the forceps.
- Repeated indoor activity is more useful as a moisture or entry clue than a medical concern.
Management direction
- Confirm the rear cerci and body form.
- Reduce excess moisture and nearby shelter where practical.
- Seal relevant entry gaps if seasonal indoor movement repeats.
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Identify a photoReviewed guidance and sources
Last reviewed August 2026. Sources support the claims listed with them; their limits remain part of the review.
- Penn State Extension — European earwigs
Supports: Representative earwig morphology, moisture shelter, behavior, and household entry.
Does not support: Universal appearance or behavior for all Dermaptera.
Scope note: Species-focused source used only for clearly labeled broad traits.
- ITIS — Dermaptera
Supports: Order-level taxonomic scope.
Does not support: Household behavior or species identity from one image.
Scope note: North American household and structural-pest context; local conditions vary.